Plateforme de gestion de conférences scientifiques

9-10 janv. 2025
Université de Liège - place du XX Août - Liège - Belgique
The application of ecological niche modeling to archaoelogical data was first done in the 2000s by W.E. Banks et al., and termed eco-cultural niche modeling by these authors (Banks et al., 2006). Since, a growing number of discussions on the appropriateness of methods and algorithms to model ecological niches in the field of Ecology have flourished in the literature (e.g., Elith et al., 2006; Merow et al., 2014; Peterson et al., 2015; Qiao et al., 2015, 2017), emphasizing on the necessity to contextualize this choice in a clear theoretical framework. In this aspect, theorizing the shape of ecological niches has been discussed lately by e.g., A.T. Peterson and J. Soberón (2020). However, this concern has not really percolated into ECNM (but see for instance Banks, 2017) while it seems pertinent to question the theoretical shape of eco-cultural niches to be able to model them adequately. An eco-cultural niche can be defined as the ecological space occupied by a culture (Banks et al., 2006). In archaeological applications, cultures are defined on the basis of the material culture of past populations at different scales (i.e., an archaeological culture; cf. e.g., Clarke, 1968 for different definitions of archaeological cultures). Eco-cultural niches are thus the environmental conditions with which the populations using a (or a group of) cultural traits interacted (Vignoles, 2021). This workshop aims at discussing the theoretical grounds of eco-cultural niche modeling, through the angle of niche geometry in environmental space. This apparently trivial problem in fact raises fundamental questions one must ask when embracing the approach of eco-cultural niche modeling: is the shape of an eco-cultural niche comparable to that of a ecological niche? How can we model the relationship (i.e., response) between cultural data and environmental variables? Is it also unimodal as is postulated for fundamental ecological niches? Is the distinction between the different types of niches operated by Hutchinson in his theoretical framework (Hutchinson, 1957) pertinent when applied to cultural data? How do the inclusion of cultural factors influence the framework of ecological niches in relation with distributional areas (e.g., BAM diagram ; Soberón & Peterson, 2005)? The workshop aims to foster interdisciplinary interactions around these questions, bringing together ecologists, anthropologists and archaeologists. We hope this will give birth to a renewed framework for defining eco-cultural niches and explore large scale human-environment relationships in the past.

9-10 janv. 2025
CNRS, Campus Michel-Ange, 3 rue Michel-Ange, Paris 16e - Paris - France
Ces journées, organisées par les GDR Sécurité Informatique et Internet IA et Société, visent à rassembler toutes les personnes souhaitant travailler à cette interface ou curieux de voir quels travaux peuvent découler de ces interactions entre sécurité informatique et sciences humaines et sociales. A partir d'exemples de travaux interdisciplinaires, nous aborderons les enjeux et les méthodes de travail associées, dans des formats variés et avec des moments d'échange conviviaux.

10 janv. 2025
FIAP - 30 rue de Cabanis 75014 PARIS - PARIS - France
Réunion plénières des acteurs du PEPR SPLEEN-ECOCHEM